Realism, Race and Class Versions

Fenster writes:

Elements of the alt-right consider themselves to be ‘race realists’.  Generally, this view relies on genetics as a partial way to explain human differences, and on the fact that  natural selection can operate at a fast enough rate in human populations to select for differences over relatively short time spans.  Not all people who buy a genetic explanation are race realists, of course, but race realism depends on a Darwinian view of things.

The left definitely does not like race realism and tends not to like bringing genetics into discussions of human difference.  But just because the left cannot articulate a genetic view of difference does that mean it is unwilling to admit to it in disguised form?

Consider, from the left, Jonathan Capehart’s interview of Justin Gest, a professor at George Mason University.  Gest makes a seemingly compassionate argument about white working class supporters of Trump.  No, we should not just look at them through the simple lens of racism.  We must look deeper, and come to grips with the fact that these people feel silenced and ignored.  And that those feelings are not unwarranted.

But note how the article ends.  Gest concludes:

The only way of addressing their plight is a form of political hospice care.  These are communities that are on the paths to death. And the question is: How can we make that as comfortable as possible?

Gregory Clark’s 2007 book A Farewell to Alms suggested that the Industrial Revolution broke the Malthusian trap in a pretty brutal and Darwinian way.

In Britain, however, as disease continually killed off poorer members of society, their positions in society were taken over by the sons of the wealthy. In that way, according to Clark, less violent, more literate and more hard-working behaviour – middle-class values – were spread culturally and biologically throughout the population. This process of “downward social mobility” eventually enabled Britain to attain a rate of productivity that allowed it to break out of the Malthusian trap. Clark sees this process, continuing today, as the major factor why some countries are poor and others are rich.

As Steve Sailer pointed out in reviewing the book, Clark does not tackle the question of genetics head-on.  But as Sailer suggests, recent work on the speed of human cultural evolution is consistent with a genetic reading of Clark’s points.  And in any event, Clark’s thesis is plenty Darwinian.

So is Gent a class realist?

The left as a intellectual force and the Democrats as a political force have been debating since the election what’s the matter with Kansas.  And Ohio, and West Virginia, and so on.  There is a lot of mea culpa discussion out there about finding a way back to these stranded sources of historic Democratic support–or at least a better “message”.

But there is another thread out there, too, apparent in Gest’s conclusion.

And might there not be something to be said for that view, if not as morality at least as realist description?  The habits, values and behaviors of the deplorables may not be consistent with where the world is headed.  And if you are inclined to the Darwinian view of things, where the world “is headed” is not primarily a function of morality but of adaptive fit in a changing ecological niche.

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Architecture and Color

Paleo Retiree writes:

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Trillin X 2

Fenster writes:

Two takes on Calvin Trillin.  Food and killing.

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Naked Lady of the Week: Kseniya Yankovskaya

Fabrizio del Wrongo writes:

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What inspires a young woman of today to cultivate a big overgrown bush? Innate quirkiness? Wilfulness? A passion for the heterodox?

In the case of a nude model I suspect the bush is related to marketing. If you’re attractive and willing to get naked for money, but you’re not the girl with the big boobs, and you’re not the girl with the big ass, you can always be the girl with the big bush. If all goes well, you and your bush might succeed in developing a following.

Kseniya, who is Russian, seems to enjoy flaunting her bush. In fact, it’s the focal point of most of her photos. And as bushes go, it’s a nice one.

Still, I wonder if the art of presenting a bush hasn’t declined since its heyday in the ’70s. Back then, in upscale publications like Penthouse, the bush was often part of the gauzy-poetic, mystery-of-woman brand of sensuality that was being promoted. The ’70s bush was an invitation to exoticism, to adventure. Nowadays, subjected to the hard lighting favored by contemporary photographers, and treated in the un-nuanced and over-explicit manner that characterizes so much of our culture, it often seems like nothing much more than…hair.

Nudity below. Have a great weekend.

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Sokal Redux?

Fenster writes:

When making sense no longer makes sense it is very tempting to stop making sense, this urge itself a form of sense-making.  In 1984 the interrogator tells Winston Smith that two and two can equal five if the state says so.  But on this point Dostoevsky has the better take: “the formula two plus two equals five is not without its attractions.”  People can be drawn to a lack of sense as moths to a flame, if the alternatives are less palatable.

In this regard, consider the rich night soil that is the modern postmodern mind.  It is a fecund thing but it lies shallow on the earth, discouraging the deep rootedness that would provide for sturdy growth and favoring instead the rapid spread of a kind of mental kudzu across the landscape.  It is hard to hold this kind of thing in check, and no good solution has yet to be found.  The limited success to date has come from a kind of “fighting fire with fire”, as with the famous Sokal Hoax.

When Sokal wrote his debunking piece in 1996 the kind of postmodern writing at which he took aim took the form of gibberish, and his spoof was structured as meaningless tripe.  As you will recall it was waved through the gates of the journal Social Text by the peer review watchmen and the rest is, alas, mostly only history.  The Sokal Hoax caused delight in some quarters and consternation in others but it hardly stopped the kudzu spread.

In part this hardiness is a function of adaptation.  In some measure meaninglessness has given way to meaning again and this is, in a way, a kind of progress.  A lot of writing nowadays may be nutty but it is getting explicable.  It is trying to say something.

Here’s an abstract from a recent issue of Social Text:

Pedro Almodóvar’s The Skin I Live In is a film whose glossy surface belies its investment in history—cinema’s history, Spain’s history, transnational history. It tracks a correspondence among cinema, transsexuality, and medium specificity through the trope of transgenesis: skin has been manufactured by the film’s plastic surgeon to cover the character upon whom he has also forced a sex change. The transgenic skin is also produced extratextually, by way of a digital effect that implicates cinema’s analog-to-digital transformation. Both of these technological transformations—the cinematic and the biological—carry with them ethical and political implications, which are explored in the film. For this purpose, the article contends that Almodóvar brings his own cinematic language to its limit, particularly around his representation of transsexuality, as if to point us toward the limit that a politics of representation has reached in our increasingly biopolitical environment. The article argues that the film’s digitization of artificial skin functions as an anchor for a complex imagining of the sociopolitical contexts that bind identity to history. The surface of the skin, as deployed in the film, melds political and cinematic memory to resurrect traces of repressed histories and absent bodies, allowing Almodóvar to build a transtemporal and transnational allegorical universe that moves against the grain of the loss of history that cinema’s digital transformation purportedly represents.

Hold on, one more:

Considering the question of the recovery of marginalized voices in the archives, this article reflects on the problem of finding and interpreting the personal responses of African Americans to the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln in 1865. Black freedom was central to the post–Civil War nation, yet direct black voices remain submerged, available most often in public sources like newspapers and sermons or in scant and skeletal personal writings. The most vivid black voices are to be found in more troublesome sources: those mediated by sympathetic whites who recorded the words and actions of African Americans. Such sources lack a crucial dimension of experience found in the more voluminous direct personal responses of Lincoln’s white mourners: the persistence of everyday life (matters of labor, health, romance, leisure) in the face of shock and grief, an absence that stems from the particular motivations of white observers. Scholars must also reckon with the question of how to present these methodological challenges to our readers and how to shape both the content and structure of our narratives to move marginalized voices to the center. In sum, ventriloquized voices in the archives must not be dismissed but must instead be approached with rigor and imagination.

Sorry, last one:

This article cross-reads the 2005 trial of Chai Soua Vang, a Hmong American man who was convicted of murdering six Caucasian hunters in Wisconsin, with the 2008 film Gran Torino, a story of a Korean War veteran who mentors a Hmong American teenager. An examination of the trial transcript and journalistic coverage of the Vang case illustrates a need to establish a history of racial violence in order to explain the altercation in the woods. This need assumes that a history of racism must be identified in order for a word to be considered racist and that acts of violence can be explained only through that corresponding history. This article uses speech act theory to problematize that assumption, arguing instead that the power of hate speech rests in its ability to displace history rather than affirm it. Coverage of the case demonstrates this displacement, as Vang is positioned via multiple and contradicting contextual frames. In turn, Gran Torino, which this article reads as a response to the Vang case, illustrates how codes of conduct shift depending on who is in the position to dictate them, and how words that historically signify a racial threat can also erase the very histories that give those words meaning. Thus, the film offers an explanation for why Vang’s claim to racial victimization could not hold.

While these abstracts give off a certain forbidding air there seems little question but that the authors are trying to do more than display their knack for unintelligible prose.  They are taking aim at things.  Hallelujah they are starting to make sense!

Thus it is that as the kudzu adapts and morphs a new generation of weed retardant is called for.

A updated version of the Sokal Hoax arrived in the form of the article “The Conceptual Penis as a Social Construct” by Jamie Lindsay and Peter Boyle, which appeared in the peer-reviewed journal Cogent Social Sciences.  This is the article that made the connection between the penis and climate change, a connection that had somehow been overlooked until 2017.

Once again, the abstract:

Anatomical penises may exist, but as pre-operative transgendered women also have anatomical penises, the penis vis-à-vismaleness is an incoherent construct. We argue that the conceptual penis is better understood not as an anatomical organ but as a social construct isomorphic to performative toxic masculinity.  Through detailed poststructuralist discursive criticism and the example of climate change, this paper will challenge the prevailing and damaging social trope that penises are best understood as the male sexual organ and reassign it a more fitting role as a type of masculine performance.

Yes, this is a rich stew of words but, like the Monkees, it’s got something to say! Perhaps a conversation is possible. If and we can see which sensemaking is the most sensible.

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Notes on “Get Out” (2017)

Blowhard, Esq. writes:

I finally caught up with GET OUT, writer-director Jordan Peele’s racial satire. A box-office smash beloved by critics (well, most of them), Peele takes Ta-Nehisi Coates’s “black bodies” rhetoric and recasts it into a horror-thriller. Chris Washington, a young black man played by Daniel Kaluuya, is going away for a weekend with his white girlfriend, played by Allison Williams, to meet her parents for the first time. While there, Chris discovers that he’s the target of an ongoing plot whereby a cadre of rich white people kidnap blacks to use their bodies as either neutered slaves or host vessels for their transplanted brains. It’s a juicy premise that may work as social commentary, but fails as a thriller.

By coincidence my co-blogger Enzo watched it the same night I did and we got to talking about the screenplay. As he pointed out, thrillers like this — from SHADOW OF A DOUBT to ROSEMARY’S BABY, to B-grade fare like UNLAWFUL ENTRY or even C-grade fare like THE FIRM — rely on exploiting the protagonist’s trust. The protagonist should want to be a part of the world that will double-cross him. This raises the emotional stakes and makes the betrayal greater.

But here, Chris is skeptical of the white world from the beginning. Instead of being reluctant to go on the trip, he should be the eager one. Instead of reluctantly submitting to the hypnosis that is ultimately used to control him, he should have volunteered. Even worse, the movie gives Chris every reason to be repulsed by the whites. All of them look, act, and talk like creeps, when they should be ingratiating and charming. Peele says in his commentary that the movie was written during the Obama era when people were celebrating a “post-racial America,” but Peele thought that was a lie, that racism was simmering right beneath the surface. He intended the movie to be a “gut punch” (his phrase) as to how things really are. But for a gut punch to be really effective, the protagonist should be caught off guard, yet Chris is on guard nearly the whole time. Although shot in Alabama, Peele is skewering the racism of middle-and-upper-class white liberals who oppress blacks not out of a sense of superiority, but because they feel inferior. The whites want what they perceive to be superior black strength, coolness, and sexual prowess. Given their perverse love, it would make more sense for them to approach Chris with seduction, instead of obviously alienating him and us.

Closely related to the first part, the movie should bring us into his head as he realizes that their seduction masks an ulterior motive. During the party scene, Enzo suggested a dialogue soundtrack with half-heard words, overlapping dialogue, and more ambiguity. Instead, none of the white people make any attempt to hide their true selves. They all say the exact wrong thing. “Peele should be turning the screw, but instead he keeps hammering the same nail,” Enzo said.

Another major mistake is the opening tag, a pre-title sequence where the movie announces its intention too baldly. In the scene, a black man played by LaKeith Stanfield finds himself lost in an upscale suburban neighborhood. (It’s funny how the streets are lined with the kind of old-fashioned lampposts that serve as romantic beacons in LA LA LAND. Here, they’re transformed into markers of white supremacy.) A car follows him and when Stanfield tries to flee, he’s abducted, and turns up later in the movie as the lobotomized stud for a white woman twice his age. Peele is attempting Hitchcock’s classic “show the bomb under the table” in an attempt to heighten the suspense. But because he fails to dramatize the story, because we’re kept at a distance from Chris the way he keeps the white world at a distance, the suspense is diminished, not heightened.

The suspense is also deflated when Peele cuts to Chris’s best friend, played by Lil Rey Howery, as he investigates Chris’s disappearance. What’s meant to be a bit of comic relief instead throws off the pacing of a crucial sequence. On the other hand, the fact that a competent, dedicated TSA agent turns out to be Chris’s knight in shining armor is perhaps the movie’s most generous joke.

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Little Pieces of Blue Jelly

Fabrizio del Wrongo writes:

Highsmith-Talented-Ripley

Dickie stopped in the road, looking at him. They were arguing so loudly, a few people around them were looking, watching.

‘It could have been fun,’ Tom said, ‘but not the way you chose to take it. A month ago when we went to Rome, you’d have thought something like this was fun.’

‘Oh, no,’ Dickie said, shaking his head. ‘I doubt it.’

The sense of frustration and inarticulateness was agony to Tom. And the fact that they were being looked at. He forced himself to walk on, in tense little steps at first, until he was sure that Dickie was coming with him. The puzzlement, the suspicion, was still in Dickie’s face, and Tom knew Dickie was puzzled about his reaction. Tom wanted to explain it, wanted to break through to Dickie so he would understand and they would feel the same way. Dickie had felt the same way he had a month ago. ‘It’s the way you acted,’ Tom said. ‘You didn’t have to act that way. The fellow wasn’t doing you any harm.’

‘He looked like a dirty crook!’ Dickie retorted. ‘For Christ sake, go back if you like him so much. You’re under no obligation to do what I do!

‘Now Tom stopped. He had an impulse to go back, not necessarily to go back to the Italian, but to leave Dickie. Then his tension snapped suddenly. His shoulders relaxed, aching, and his breath began to come fast, through his mouth. He wanted to say at least, ‘All right Dickie,’ to make it up, to make Dickie forget it. He felt tongue-tied. He stared at Dickie’s blue eyes that were still frowning, the sun bleached eyebrows white and the eyes themselves shining and empty, nothing but little pieces of blue jelly with a black dot in them, meaningless, without relation to him. You were supposed to see the soul through the eyes, to see love through the eyes, the one place you could look at another human being and see what really went on inside, and in Dickie’s eyes Tom saw nothing more now than he would have seen if he had looked at the hard, bloodless surface of a mirror. Tom felt a painful wrench in his breast, and he covered his face with his hands. It was as if Dickie had been suddenly snatched away from him. They were not friends. They didn’t know each other. It struck Tom like a horrible truth, true for all time, true for the people he had known in the past and for those he would know in the future: each had stood and would stand before him, and he would know time and time again that he would never know them, and the worst was that there would always be the illusion, for a time, that he did know them, and that he and they were completely in harmony and alike. For an instant the wordless shock of his realisation seemed more than he could bear. He felt in the grip of a fit, as if he would fall to the ground. It was too much: the foreignness around him, the different language, his failure, and the fact that Dickie hated him. He felt surrounded by strangeness, by hostility. He felt Dickie yank his hands down from his eyes.

‘What’s the matter with you?’ Dickie asked. ‘Did that guy give you a shot of something?’

‘No.’

‘Are you sure? In your drink?’

‘No.’ The first drops of the evening rain fell on his head. There was a rumble of thunder. Hostility from above, too. ‘I want to die,’ Tom said in a small voice.

— Patricia Highsmith

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Architecture and Color

Paleo Retiree writes:

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“The Fits”

Fabrizio del Wrongo writes:

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For much of its running time “The Fits,” the first feature film from writer-director Anna Rose Holmer, is a sensitive and nicely underplayed piece of naturalistic humanism. Holmer’s camera follows 11-year-old Toni (the bracingly earnest Royalty Hightower) around her urban environment, keenly observing her gradual transition from a tomboy into a young woman. Toni, who is black, is attached to her older brother. He teachers her boxing, and it’s clear that she loves its physicality; it allows her to externalize her inner self, to discover herself through movement in a way that’s natural and unmediated. But she’s on the cusp of puberty, and when she spies a group of girls practicing dance in her neighborhood rec center, she can’t help but be captivated. The girls don’t move as the boys do: they wag their bottoms and sass provocatively between routines; they’re knowingly sexual. Suddenly, her brother and his boxing friends seem a little loutish. Nevertheless, as Toni practices her dances, she inserts boxing moves when she’s not sure what comes next. You can see how one set of skills informs the other.

Holmer, who is white, pokes around urban black culture with the acuity of an ace documentarian, and she doesn’t try to mask her otherness (she also doesn’t make a big deal of it). You can feel her approaching the material from the outside, nudging it only sparingly, hoping to avoid spoiling its vitality and independence. The black kids move and speak and behave like black kids (to a white sensibility they’re a little exotic), and Holmer’s unwillingness to comment or impose on them frees her observations so that they occasionally exhibit that rare balance, evident in the better Neorealist pictures, of the poetic and the commonplace.

Holmer exerts a frightful degree of control. Visually, rhythmically, and tonally every element in the picture is arranged just so. At times this is a problem: there are moments where the movie feels nailed down and consciously tony in that deadly indie-drama way. But more often than not its stylistic flaws (I didn’t care for the eerie, discordant score) are redeemed by the content and by Holmer’s aesthetic instincts. The latter yields some amusing and unusual images: a girl’s rainbow-stockinged legs extended into the air as she spins on a chair in the lower right corner of the frame, out of which she occasionally drifts; an overhead shot of a pizza, hands darting in to dismantle it in the brusque and expert manner of boys. It also provides scenes that seem pulled from some repository of shared childhood experience: a fraught attempt at ear-piercing; a tentative excursion into a darkened gymnasium. It’s to Holmer’s credit that these moments neither announce themselves nor wallop you with meaning; by the time you become conscious of their artfulness they’ve passed.

“The Fits” equates dancing with the physical self-awareness that comes with awakened sexuality. As long as it plays on that theme it remains a canny evocation of the physical and emotional turmoil of puberty. But when Holmer attempts to tie this idea to an ideological premise she stumbles. The screenplay, by Holmer and two other writers, urges us to see sexuality as a subjugating force; that is, as a force that is better transcended than mastered. As the girls in Toni’s troupe discover boys, and take their first steps towards sex, they are afflicted with seizures — the fits of the title — that, like deaths, remove them from the flow of the story. These episodes of paralysis, involuntary and uncoordinated, are subversions of the dances the girls have been practicing. As such they come off as rebukes, as punishments for behaviors we’d initially taken as productive and healthy.

The fits don’t affect the movie’s boys; they’re a female-specific malady, a kind of symbolic rape. And because Holmer declines to deal with sex directly (the girls’ sex talk is weirdly suppressed; even the allusions are alluded to) a distinct whiff of puritanism becomes detectable about an hour into the picture. This same whiff — the scent of sexual dread — was sensible in the 2014 indie darling “It Follows,” in which teens who dared to fornicate were stalked and murdered by invisible bogey people. But “It Follows” was a horror movie; anxiety and cruelty are endemic to its genre. Cosmic vindictiveness of this sort is much harder to accept in a slice-of-life drama. I imagine some will praise as novel Holmer’s introduction of horror elements to the coming-of-age story, but I don’t think “The Fits” works as horror. It’s far too objective and externalized to generate existential dread, and the events in the movie that might be taken as horrific tend not to amplify the characters’ predicaments but rather to pull them down to the level of political commentary.

The movie’s low point is a scene in which Toni, after removing her earrings (relics of her conformance to traditional femininity), confronts her peers and levitates. The moment, which tilts the film in the direction of magical realism, undermines the earthiness and humanness of the surrounding material (it makes even dancing seem passé), and it states what I take to be Holmer’s thesis: that only by separating herself from society, from shared experience, from Earth itself, can Toni arrive at her full potential. Of course, in 21st-century America, “being yourself” is more than just a mantra, it’s something like a statement of principle. But I wonder: If being yourself entails a rejection of everything natural, up to and including gravity, what’s the point of being someone at all? The movie left me feeling depressed.

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Naked Lady of the Week: Samantha Fox

Fabrizio del Wrongo writes:

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Remember Samantha Fox? She rose to fame in England after her mother allowed racy photos of her to appear on Page 3 of The Sun. She was only around five feet in height, but she had boobs that looked like zeppelins that had been cantilevered from her shoulders.

Being an American, I first became aware of her through music videos (she developed a recording career) and pin-up posters of the kind one tries to win at itinerant carnivals on humid summer nights.

When you’re 10 years old your aesthetic sense doesn’t appreciate moderation. You respond most strongly to things to which a more refined sensibility would object, saying “too much!” To 10-year-old me, Fox was too much in the way that heavy metal and professional wrestling were too much — she was too much in a way that seemed about perfect.

Revisiting her photos now, her immoderateness is almost upsetting. And is it me or are her proportions a little strange? She looks a bit like a muppet version of Heather Thomas.

Dem titties, though.

Nudity below. Enjoy the long weekend.

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